Compare Jan Mayen (2004) - South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)

Compare Jan Mayen (2004) z South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)

	Jan Mayen (2004)	South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (2001)

Airports	1 (2003 est.)	none
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)	-
Area	total: 373 sq km land: 373 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 3,903 sq km land: 3,903 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Shag Rocks, Black Rock, Clerke Rocks, South Georgia Island, Bird Island, and the South Sandwich Islands, which consist of some nine islands
Area - comparative	slightly more than twice the size of Washington, DC	slightly larger than Rhode Island
Background	This desolate, mountainous island was named after a Dutch whaling captain who indisputably discovered it in 1614 (earlier claims are inconclusive). Visited only occasionally by seal hunters and trappers over the following centuries, the island came under Norwegian sovereignty in 1929. The long dormant Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg volcano resumed activity in 1970; it is the northernmost active volcano on earth.	The islands lie approximately 1,000 km east of the Falkland Islands. Grytviken, on South Georgia, was a 19th and early 20th century whaling station. The famed explorer Ernest SHACKLETON stopped there in 1914 en route to his ill-fated attempt to cross Antarctica on foot. He returned some 20 months later with a few companions in a small boat and arranged a successful rescue for the rest of his crew, stranded off the Antarctic Peninsula. He died in 1922 on a subsequent expedition and is buried in Grytviken. Today, the station houses a small military garrison. The islands have large bird and seal populations and, recognizing the importance of preserving the marine stocks in adjacent waters, the UK, in 1993, extended the exclusive fishing zone from 12 miles to 200 miles around each island.
Budget	-	revenues: $291,777 expenditures: $451,000, including capital expenditures of $NA (1988 est.)
Climate	arctic maritime with frequent storms and persistent fog	variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow
Coastline	124.1 km	NA km
Constitution	-	adopted 3 October 1985
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Jan Mayen	conventional long form: South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands conventional short form: none
Dependency status	territory of Norway; since August 1994, administered from Oslo through the county governor (fylkesmann) of Nordland; however, authority has been delegated to a station commander of the Norwegian Defense Communication Service	overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina; administered from the Falkland Islands by UK civil commissioner Donald A. LAMONT, representing Queen ELIZABETH II; Grytviken, formerly a whaling station on South Georgia, is the garrison town
Diplomatic representation from the US	-	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Diplomatic representation in the US	-	none (overseas territory of the UK, also claimed by Argentina)
Disputes - international	none	claimed by Argentina
Economy - overview	Jan Mayen is a volcanic island with no exploitable natural resources. Economic activity is limited to providing services for employees of Norway's radio and meteorological stations on the island.	Some fishing takes place in adjacent waters. There is a potential source of income from harvesting fin fish and krill. The islands receive income from postage stamps produced in the UK.
Electricity - consumption	-	NA kWh
Electricity - production by source	-	fossil fuel: NA% hydro: NA% nuclear: NA% other: NA%
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Norwegian Sea 0 m highest point: Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg 2,277 m	lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Mount Paget (South Georgia) 2,934 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Flag description	the flag of Norway is used	the flag of the UK is used
Geographic coordinates	71 00 N, 8 00 W	54 30 S, 37 00 W
Geography - note	barren volcanic island with some moss and grass	the north coast of South Georgia has several large bays, which provide good anchorage; reindeer, introduced early in this century, live on South Georgia
Irrigated land	0 sq km (1998 est.)	0 sq km (1993)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2001)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (largely covered by permanent ice and snow with some sparse vegetation consisting of grass, moss, and lichen)
Legal system	the laws of Norway, where applicable, apply	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Location	Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the Norwegian Sea, northeast of Iceland	Southern South America, islands in the South Atlantic Ocean, east of the tip of South America
Map references	Arctic Region	Antarctic Region
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 4 nm contiguous zone: 10 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation	exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Norway	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	-	Liberation Day, 14 June (1982)
Natural hazards	dominated by the volcano Haakon VII Toppen/Beerenberg; volcanic activity resumed in 1970	the South Sandwich Islands have prevailing weather conditions that generally make them difficult to approach by ship; they are also subject to active volcanism
Natural resources	none	fish
Population	no indigenous inhabitants note: personnel operate the Long Range Navigation (Loran-C) base and the weather and coastal services radio station (July 2004 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: the small military garrison on South Georgia withdrew in March 2001, to be replaced by a permanent group of scientists of the British Antarctic Survey which also has a biological station on Bird Island; the South Sandwich Islands are uninhabited (July 2001 est.)
Ports and harbors	none; offshore anchorage only	Grytviken
Radio broadcast stations	AM NA, FM NA, shortwave NA note: there is one radio and meteorological station (1998)	none
Telephone system	-	general assessment: NA domestic: NA international: coastal radiotelephone station at Grytviken
Television broadcast stations	-	0 (1997)
Terrain	volcanic island, partly covered by glaciers	most of the islands, rising steeply from the sea, are rugged and mountainous; South Georgia is largely barren and has steep, glacier-covered mountains; the South Sandwich Islands are of volcanic origin with some active volcanoes
Waterways	-	none

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